Argumentative essay LAWS

Argumentative essay LAWS Argumentative essay LAWS Effectiveness of Law Enforcement Suitability of Formal Law Enforcement in Conflicting Crime As stated by Ashbel, Wall, and Tracey, â€Å"The primary mission of law enforcement is to maintain peace and order and provide a safe environment† (Ashbel, Wall, and Tracey 1). In addition, law enforcement experts have the mandate of providing a safe habitation for everyone. All domains in law enforcement have their own roles, which have interconnections regarding their primary motive-providing public safety. Harvey Wiener in his chapter 5 introduction article put it, â€Å"Yet, to judge by the current events, it seems that many people in America see the government as an evil to be avoided rather than an avenue for sustaining life in a just world† (Wiener 161). This raises the question whether the law enforcement practices are fair to people over whom it has jurisdiction. This shows that law, despite the fact that its enforcement is vital, some elements in its practice leave questions regarding its suitability. It therefore becomes the main objective of this paper to determine the validity of these arguments. Elrich and Brower state, â€Å"Increased punishment for offenders culminates to a substantial reduction in crime frequency† (Elrich and Brower 99). As such, there is an increased risk with regard to victimization due to the practical private law enforcement. In addition, the protection measures severity increase, which is associated with the increase in scope of the prevention variables. In everyone’s knowledge, it is universally agreed that punishment prevents crime, and as Elrich and Brower put it, â€Å"There are three possible reasons that act as a punishment’s causal interpretations† (Elrich and Brower 99). One of them is punishment as a prevention variable in preventing crime, as a disincentive of any criminal activity. This makes the entire practice of law enforcement vague and difficult to understand, especially pertaining to its efficiency and func tionality. In the recent past, the application of the so-called ‘Economics of Crime’ in the United States has been on the rise. As Frey states, â€Å"Assume that a lot of punishment prevents crime† (Frey 92). It is vital to comprehend that punishment is substantively effective even when not applied. According to the economics of crime, punishment mechanisms serve as signals to show what kind of behavior is both morally and legally undesired by the lawmakers. Expressive punishment procedures therefore reveal that they are the only possible actions to apply when it becomes difficult to impose other types of punishment. The second component is the mechanism of humiliating the offenders. This entails the strategies whereby offenders are actively exposed to the public. Consequently, their reputation is diminished. The accompanying distrust is very negative for the perpetrators, instigating dishonor, especially in their profession. The other mechanisms revolve around c rushing the perpetrator, for example confronting the victims, usually targets psychic effects. For example, a killer of a father can be forced to share the experience of any immense loss suffered by the children and the widow. Offering of lower wages is also one of the measures. This makes the perpetrators more socially withdrawn. The other component advocates that under no circumstances can crime be tolerated. This is based on the alleged broken window theory. In this, even the perpetrators of the somewhat insignificant misdemeanors must be severely punished in the quest to discourage the public from deviating from the law. Others support life imprisonment after a perpetrator commits two minor offences. To the government side, it might be that if a perpetrator gets a punishment of the same level as that of a major crime, he may tend to commit the most significant ones. It therefore raises the question whether the system is fair enough, or whether it aids in committing big crimes. I n an anthology called Campus Climate Control by

God for example

I belief that not everything in this world needs to be proven, God for example. Not everybody believes in God even if people saw him some will still deny. We do not need to prove it, and why should we care if someone doesn't believe it. Believing in God is a personal faith and everyone is free to believe in what he/she wants to. Besides I think it is a waste of time to try to find proofs for Gods existence while we can have that time searching for a better job or a better house. Doubts in Gods existence are not helpful. We need to concentrate on material things, medicine for example. Is that medicine is better than another one at treating cancer? Isnt that more necessary to prove? Life is full of surprises and so fast that I find it hard to accept the fact that anyone would agreeably choose to go through their career as an "bright" creature on this earth with the idea that they actually know anything with absolute certainty. In my opinion, there will be no certainty at all. It is hard to change peoples beliefs by knowledge because these beliefs have been living inside their minds and soul for a while. We can not just take them away in such a short time. These beliefs lived there as a part of the human body. Skepticism is necessary in life but in limits. If we doubt everything, we will never belief in anything. I have a close friend that we have been together for along time sharing good times and bad times and if someone comes up to me and tell me that my friend is cheating or talking on my back, I should not be concerned no matter what because if I was concerned then I do not have trust on my friend, and therefore I am not a friend. However I will go and ask my friend about it. Being concerned about it with emotions is not in the limit, but asking my friend is needed. We can not say that we have enough knowledge no matter how long we have been learning or searching. Knowledge is an infinite subject...

Cultural Competence in Nursing Practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cultural Competence in Nursing Practice - Essay Example From his responses it could be obtained that he expects medical treatments and healthcare services from both private and government institutions. According to him, funding of medical treatments in his country is based upon publicly funded universal healthcare system and hence even in a different country, his expectations are such that the systems would be similar to some extent. In terms of healthy lives, Australia belongs to one of the top ranks in the world, hence he expects similar treatment to be available for him in another country as well. As far as his perception regarding the American healthcare and nursing system is concerned, it could be obtained from his responses that he is significantly satisfied with the funding programs in medical treatments offered by the country, although here the control are mostly in the hands of private organizations. According to him, America provides with significant and all necessary facilities for healthcare and the quality of treatments is also high. However one factors which concerns him is the cost of treatment in America, which is significantly high per person and hence is perceived as difficult to afford, by him in general. The interviewee also mentioned that nurses need to be more cooperative and understanding towards the patients belonging to other cultures. According to him, nurses are responsible for a large part of the treatment procedures and that patients need to be associated well with the nurses for enhanced treatment and wellbeing of the patients. Hence if nurses are ignorant of the patients only because they belong to a different culture, it would prove to have negative impact on the patients. It can be obtained that cultural competence is an essential factor in terms of nursing and healthcare systems. Cultural competence involves enhanced understanding of the different people and their cultures, thereby improving

Ethical Dilemma in Admission Criteria for Nursing School Essay

Ethical Dilemma in Admission Criteria for Nursing School - Essay Example This paper stresses that  the dilemma concerning students’ perspective in admission into nursing schools are caused by costs, expected benefits, and the lengthy of the application process. Nursing education requires a variety of technology and equipment for study. These equipments are costly to buy and maintain. As a result, the institutions of nursing are forced to charge high fees to in order to cover the costs of buying learning equipment and paying highly specialized instructors. Students have to decide whether join or avoid the nursing school costs. Avoiding the costs may lead to short-run savings among the students, but they will miss the opportunities of reaping the long-run benefits from the nursing profession. Similarly, decision to join the college may be associated with a lot of sacrifice to meet the fees requirements.  Thiis discussion highlights that  students believe that nursing courses expose them to comparatively higher paying jobs. However, students are also aware pursuing nursing courses requires extensive reading and sacrificing. Interested students may not be able to decide whether to sacrifice their life for future greater benefits or avoid the pain associated with studying and use the time to study less demanding courses while simultaneously doing other income generating activities. Additionally, the process of joining nursing colleges is lengthy and expensive since students have to pass the stipulated preliminary tests.  

Corporate Finance - Assignment 01 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Corporate Finance - 01 - Assignment Example It was prudent, as the finance manager, to make a transaction decision that had the highest competitive advantage. The decision would be based on the exchange rate for both currencies based on the AED. By monitoring the exchange rate for a period of five days, it was evident that the best decision would be established. In addition, monitoring the exchange rate for both currencies in relation to the AED provided the opportunity to establish the best possible currency to use; the most stable among the two. a) Check the exchange rate for a period of five days and create a table of comparisons of how much will be your AED50m worth on each of the five days in both Euros and GB pounds. Choose the currency you will use for your transactions. Considering the purchasing power parity, the law of one price states that similar goods should have a similar price after taking into account the exchange rate. This is before transportation costs have been incorporated to the cost of bringing the goods to the desired location. In this case, the Great Britain Pound will be used for the transactions because there are minimal deviations in the exchange rate from 24th December to 28th December. In addition, the exchange rate is stable as opposed to the Euro. Purchasing the equipment on the second day would save the company As the finance manager, the option maximizes utility, but at a relatively higher cost compared to the first day of monitoring the exchange rate. Purchasing the equipment on the third day would save the company Contrary to the savings on the first and second day; the third day proves to have AED124 and AED2, 606 more savings respectively. The third day would be the best option because the exchange rate maximizes utility at the lowest cost. Purchasing the equipment on the fifth day would save the company The savings are relatively lower than those on the first and third day. Although the option maximizes utility, it does so but at a

The History Of Descartes Dream Argument

The History Of Descartes Dream Argument In this paper, I will be discussing Descartes dream argument for which I will try to find reliable signs between being asleep and awake. When looking at Descartes argument I find it to be a valid argument due to its premises and structure. I will explain his argument, prove that it is factually sound and valid, and then discuss arguments against his argument and then refute them. Descartes attempts to find out what true knowledge was by finding everything something that was indubitable. His thought was to take the indubitable belief and build his knowledge and beliefs based on the indubitable belief. His dream argument was one of the ways he attempted to strengthen his theory. His dream argument states the idea that one cannot trust your senses when awake, because your mind is capable producing false images while dreaming. If the mind can produce false images while we are asleep dreaming, couldnt your mind also create false images while you are awake? If you cant fully trust what you have seen while asleep, how can you rely on what you see when awake? Descartes dream argument states that you can often have perceptions very much like the ones while dreaming. There are no definite signs to determine dreaming experience from a waking experience. Therefore, It is possible that I am dreaming right now and all knowledge I find while dreaming is false. In other term s, Descartes first premise states that when asleep or awake, the same type of perception and senses are found feel the same way no matter which state you are in. His second premise states that there are no reliable ways to determine if you are dreaming or not that would be able to work every time. With these two premises, Descartes finds that while you are asleep, you could be feeling similar things to what you might feel while awake. You cant tell if you are dreaming or awake at any given time, which means you could be dreaming and everything which you would sense or feel would be based on false and untrue findings. This statement leads you to question whether at any given time are you awake or dreaming, or are you in a constant state of dreaming and anything knowledge you gained during your constant dreaming state, is true or not? This argument backs what Descartes is trying to prove, what real knowledge is, and that knowledge we find to be true could still be false, because of th e state in which we received the knowledge. We cannot simply accept this argument without attempting to find ways to disprove it. If we pretend that the feelings we have while we are asleep are like the feelings we have when we are awake, and if we cant tell if we are dreaming or not, the only conclusion you can make from this is that it is entirely possible to be dreaming at this moment and all of our feelings are based on factitious things. We wouldnt be able to tell the difference between a dreaming state and an awake state, because they both feel the same to us. When are dreaming you can possibly feel everything you would while being awake. This concludes that there is no way to know if you are curled up in your bed dreaming, or out in the real world awake. I believe that the first premise is true because everyone including myself has had a moment in a dream in which they felt like was reality. As long as you have had at least one small tiny moment in which you thought a dream was a reality, the premise holds. It doesnt require all of our dreams to be this way, it requires just one small moment to put the d oubt in your mind, if it happened once couldnt it be happening right now. A counter argument we will look at tries to go against what Descartes was trying to prove through his dream argument, which is can you cast doubt on knowledge that we would otherwise deem truthful. The ideas in your dreams are based off of things or experiences you have had or felt in real life, which would mean you could trust what you felt in your dreams, because it is based off of the real world. In the real world you can come across a picture of a unicorn which we know doesnt exist. A unicorn is merely a horse with a horn on its head, both things which exist in the real world, and even though the picture is factitious it comes from experiences in the real world. Which would mean anything we dream up would come from things we have already seen in real live. A way to disprove this argument would be modern video games. For example the video game Skyrim which has you running around in a factitious world hunting down dragons. Dragons are a completely fictional creature which leads us to show that someone at some point dreamt up the creature of a scaled, flying, fire breathing beast. Whom ever dreamt up the fictional character of a dragon would have done so without any previous experience of what characteristics a dragon would possess. Which in turn leads us to believe people can make things up without ever having a dragon like creature imprinted in his mind before dreaming it up. Descartes argument was found to be both sound and valid. We can conclude that at any given time we cannot determine if we are dreaming or not. I believe Descartes was right with his findings. I do not believe that there are any valid signs to determine whether you are awake or asleep. Granted you may be able to argue that the pain you felt while you where awake such as getting punched in the face could only happen while you were awake that there was no way that you could be dreaming. But you can always go back to that one dream or moment when you were in an sleeping state and you felt a pain that felt so real you could have sworn you werent dreaming. All it takes for Descartes argument to work is for you to be able to think of that one moment in which a part of your dream felt so real that you could have sworn it really happened. This goes to show if it happens once even for a split second, it could be happening right now and you would never know it.

Love, Sonnets and Songs :: Sonnet essays

Love, Sonnets and Songs.   Mary Wroth's prose romance, The Countess of Mountgomeries Urania, closely compares with her uncle, Sir Philip Sidney, 1593 edition The Countess of Pembroke's Arcadia.   Wroth was undoubtedly following her uncle's lead by trying to emulate Astrophil and Stella.   Astrophil and Stella and Pamphilia to Amphilantus are both about being in love and they both have over one hundred sonnets and songs. After rereading both pieces, I was struck not by their similarities but by their differences.   For example, Stella is assertive and Pamphilia is passive.   Stella is truly bound by her love for Astrophil while Pamphilia cannot break herself free from the love she feels forAmphilantus.   Sidney creates a female beauty that retains her voice and speaks, whereas Wroth allows her woman to remain inactive and vulnerable.   However, Wroth no longer allows the female to be the object.   She gives the female a voice and she is now the speaking subject.   Pamphilia remains inactive and unfulfilled but very patient. A good question for the reader to ask oneself is why would Wroth not establish a strong female speaking subject like the one she was trying to imitate?   Wroth was the first woman writer in England to publish a romance and a sonnet sequence.   She was by no means conservative or cared about what people thought of her, which has been proved by the antics of her personal life.   So why not establish that same woman character/speaking voice in her prose?   I would like now to look at the similarities and differences of Stella and Pamphilia. First, Philip Sidney and his female character Stella.   Stella has a voice and does speak, however, she speaks in the songs and not the sonnets themselves.   We see in the first two lines in each stanza of the Eleventh Song, Stella speaking and Astrophil answering her. Who is it that this dark night Underneath my window plaineth? It is one who from they sight Being (ah) exiled, disdaineth Every other vulgar light. Because she is not granted a sonnet, the standpoint that women are not allowed a voice has some truth to it.   Another standpoint is the way the women are viewed.   Women are viewed by their physical aspects.   For example, in sonnet 7, the speaker states: When Nature make her chief work, Stella's eyes In color black why wrapped she beams so bright?

Marketing Communication Strategies for Kudler Fine Foods

Marketing Communication Strategies While Kudler Fine Foods (KFF) will offer similar products both domestically and internationally, the marketing communication strategies will be both similar and different amongst its regional interests. By understanding the comparing and contrasting of the KFF market strategies in the United States, as well as overseas, effective marketing communication can be determined and utilized. Comparison Considering the company’s expansion to both Canada and England, one obvious similarity, is that there will be no language barrier.Although phrases and slang may differ, for the most part, the labeling and promoting will be understandable by all countries. Language barriers can often be a struggle for international businesses, but in this case, interpreting market trends and consumer wants will be easier to help design effective marketing strategies. Likewise, KFF will meet competition in both domestic and international markets, which affects how commu nication strategies will change based on market needs.Competition will determine whether or not KFF will maintain its superiority in the domestic market and its success in the new international markets, (â€Å"Difference Between Domestic And International Marketing†,  2013). Contrast Similarly, the types of competitors and how to combat each situation will differ with the domestic and international marketing communication. For starters, KFF already has a foothold in the domestic market, whereas they are just entering a new market internationally. In this case, internationally market communication is more complex and requires more financial resources, time, effort, and contains higher risk.Differently, the audience will change between domestic and internationally consumers. Understanding the cultural differences and market demands are the highest priority. In this way, how a product is marketed will change amongst the regional locations. Also the laws that govern each countr y may affect what can be marketed and how. It is essential to understanding all business laws that pertain to KFF during the planning phase. Last, another noticeable difference is the budget amount for marketing in domestic and international strategies.The budget is smaller for the domestic marketing, because KFF already has a reputation built and already has the necessary marketing in place. However, internationally, the marketing requires building. In this way, the budget for marketing strategies will be higher, (â€Å"Difference Between Domestic And International Marketing†,  2013). Reference: Difference Between Domestic and International Marketing. (2013). Retrieved from http://www. differencebetween. net/business/difference-between-domestic-and-international-marketing/

SETI essays

SETI essays Bertrand Russell wrote, There are two possibilities. Maybe we are alone. Maybe we are not. Both are equally frightening (Jakosky 1). The question of life in the universe is one that leaves many in a state of bewilderment. It becomes even more interesting when it leads to another question that of intelligent life in the universe. Finding other intelligent civilizations among the interstellar space would greatly affect every aspect of our existence. Conversely, not finding such a civilization would force us to examine the purpose of our own existence. To help answer the question, astronomers and scientists set up a program in search for extraterrestrial intelligence. This program, or SETI, was set up to verify, by observation that extraterrestrial life does exist. SETI tries to prove this by picking up and analyzing radio signals by means of satellites and advanced computers (Heidmann 116). The history of the SETI program is quite interesting. It started back in 1959 with the help of two famous Cornell University physicists, Guiseppi Cocconi and Phil Morrison. Both claimed that it would be possible to communicate with other potential extraterrestrial life in space by the use of techniques used in radio astronomy (Heidmann 112). Together, they voiced their belief that if other alien astronomers elsewhere in the universe possessed radio telescopes, that it would be possible to converse between the two (Heidmann 112-113). A young astronomer by the name of Francis Drake agreed with the theories of Cocconi and Morrison. He proposed building a radio receiver in order to listen for waves of sound being transmitted through space. It wasnt until the spring of 1960 that Drake began his first project of SETI, Ozma. In this project, he was the first to conduct a search for signals transmitted from other solar systems. For two tedious months, Drake pointed an eighty-five foot antenna...

The Middle East And North Africa Mena Economics Essay Essays

The Middle East And North Africa Mena Economics Essay Essays The Middle East And North Africa Mena Economics Essay Essay The Middle East And North Africa Mena Economics Essay Essay of which, with the exclusion of Syria and the West Bank and Gaza, all states in the part are members or have observer position. Ten MENA states have signed European Union-Mediterranean Association Agreements ( EMAAs ) with the E.U. These understandings replace the discriminatory entree to European markets for goods from African, Caribbean, and Pacific states with a mutual decrease in duties on many goods. However, these understandings by and large exempt agricultural trade goods. The MENA part is besides an oil rich part and the part s economic lucks over much of the past one-fourth century have been to a great extent influenced by the monetary value of oil. During the recession of 2008 that effected planetary economic systems and the demand for oil, it led to increase uncertainness for the MENA part because of its high dependance on oil monetary value in the international market. As an incorporate unit MENA has been able to get by with planetary recession because of its combined trade policy. In the old ages to come, integrated parts similar to MENA might be the reply to future jobs and therefore makes it of import to look at costs and benefits of economic integrating in the visible radiation of MENA. The paper will foremost look at the current jobs and challenges faced by the MENA part and so look at the benefits of integrating to the part Challenges faced by the MENA part In order to understand the challenges faced by the MENA part jointly, it is of import to split the part into groups and expression at these jobs in a coherent segregated mode. Harmonizing to a study by OECD titled Opportunities and challenges in the MENA part these categorizations are: Resource-rich, labor-abundant states are manufacturers and exporters of oil and gas and have big native populations, which represent about the entirety of their occupants. This group of states includes Algeria, Iraq, Syria and Yemen. Resource-rich, labor-importing states are manufacturers and exporters of oil and gas and have big portions of foreign or expatriate occupants, who represent a important per centum of the entire population, even the bulk in some instances. This group of states comprises the Gulf Cooperation Council ( GCC ) members ( Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates ) and Libya. Resource-poor states are little manufacturers or importers of oil and gas. These states include Djibouti, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Mauritania, Morocco, Tunisia, and the Palestinian Authority. ( OECD, 2003 ) Unemployment The challenges faced by MENA include high unemployment degrees ( in specific among young person ) ; permeant corruptness and deficiency of answerability and transparence ; bloated public sectors with state-owned endeavors that crowdout the development of private endeavor and investing ; low degrees of endeavor creative activity ; and, for a figure of states, a high dependance on fuel and nutrient imports bring forthing extended exposure to trade good monetary value volatility. Given that these challenges are both structural and interconnected, they can be addressed merely through a co-ordinated and comprehensive scheme that involves authoritiess, the private sector, civil society, and the international community which I will demo subsequently in the essay. The chart below from the World Bank shows unemployment rates for 2000 and 2009 in the MENA part, bespeaking the alteration in unemployment over nine old ages. ( World Bank, 2011 ) Arab Spring Revolution Immigration is expected to increase in those states most affected by the Arab Spring. Immigration to GCC states, which already host important portions of Arab immigrants, is expected to lift. Numerous histories have been reported of Immigrants flying from Northern Africa to Europe. Furthermore, a study of Egyptian immature people by the International organisation for Migration found that the oncoming of protests and instability may hold acted as a primary push factor for young person who reported anterior purposes to migrate. The study s consequences showed that two-thirds of respondents with migration purposes who were working prior to the start of the protests were negatively affected by the events: 26 per centum lost their occupations, 20 per centum were asked to take unpaid leave, and 19 per centum witnessed a decrease in their working hours. ( International Organization for Migration, 2011 ) Inflation Datas from OECD indicated that high rising prices which is the merchandise of a high dependance on fuel and nutrient imports represents a major challenge for resource-poor states. For the MENA part ; consumer monetary value rising prices has remained high since the oil and fuel monetary value spikes of 2007-08. This is peculiarly the instance in Egypt, which registered an rising prices rate of 5 per centum during 1996-2005 and a significantly higher rate of 11 per centum during 2006-10. A noteworthy exclusion to high rising prices has been Morocco, which has kept consumer monetary value additions below 3 per centum. ( OECD, 2003 ) Costss and Benefits of Economic Integration in MENA Although the MENA part has registered a comparatively high economic growing during the last few old ages, However ; the absence of a vivacious private sector which would hold been able to make more and better occupations, has meant that economic public presentation has non been reflected in improved life criterions for the bulk. As discussed earlier, some factors doing this lack are stiff labour markets, accomplishments mismatches, the herding out of private endeavor by SOEs and high corruptness. But there are besides other economic and structural factors, such as low degrees of fight in fabrication sectors, deficiency of export-market variegation, and low intraregional integrating which still exists in the part. Furthermore, although the Arab Spring provides an of import chance for economic reform, although its immediate effects will be negative for those states most affected by societal and political instability Passage illustrations from other parts suggest that the medium-run additions from traveling to more unfastened and accountable authoritiess are ample. Income growing tends to stabilise at a higher mean rate in the decennary after passage, and income volatility at a lower rate, as compared with the old period. The consequences will depend on how fleetly and believably authoritiess can perpetrate to reform. In the interim, as investors wait for political uncertainness to be resolved in states affected by political convulsion, it is inevitable that investing will be delayed and economic challenges will emerge. Evidence from earlier passages shows that these troubles tend to be limited ; growing typically dips for merely one twelvemonth and so returns to or exceeds old degrees. Integration via Trade in Goods Regional trade understandings ( RTAs ) have proliferatedin the MENA part in the past two decennaries. Such understandings can do it possible to harvest benefits from internationalintegration, while orienting the commissariats ofthe understandings to the peculiar demands and adjustmentcapacities of the states involved. They canalso have good indirect effects. Opening domesticmarkets to spouse states, for illustration, can increasecompetition in sectors with antecedently highlyconcentrated industrial constructions. Such precompetitive impacts are peculiarly of import for countriesthat have merely a nascent domestic competition policy.Also, regional cooperation can be effectual in harmonizingcustoms processs and domestic regulations.Adopting common regulations on investing, forexample, has the possible to promote increased inflowsof foreign direct investing by heightening thecredibility of FDI-related policies and supplying a restrainton sudden policy reversals. Harmonizing to the World Bank many MENA states have late seen the portion of intraregional trade in entire ware trade addition dramatically over the past two decennaries. Compared to this ; the extent of intraregional trade remains lowerthan in all other parts of the universe, except for South Asia. Though the ratio of intraregional trade to GDP exceeds 15 per centum in the Syrian Arab Republic and Jordan, in most MENA states the ratio remains in the low individual figures. In peculiar, resource-rich, labor-importing states by and large show a really low degree of intra-MENA exports in relation to GDP, despite high entire export-to-GDP ratios. ( World Bank, 2005 ) . Integration through Servicess For an economic system, services typically contribute a major part to the GDP. Therefore, it is of import to take barriers to entryfor both domestic and foreign houses and increasethe efficiency of services. The current regional integrating understandings inMENA by and large do non cover services trade, and in countries where the understandings do cover services, it is in the footings of purposes and silent understandings. Furthermore, there still exist differences in ordinances and at times bounds on the physical motion of persons. In these instances it is presently making a state of affairs in which it is frequently easier for MENA states service suppliers to run in states outside the part than within. The chart below from the World Bank represents the service exports for selected states in the MENA part. Integration through Labor reforms If we compare the part s integrating through trade and labour we can see that the MENA part is more incorporate in the globaleconomy through labour mobility than through tradeand investing. Harmonizing to a study by the World Bank on the MENA part titled Economic Developments and Prospects it has outlined that the part s portion of planetary trade flows is below 5 per centum, andthe part receives an even lower portion of globalFDI flows. However, about 16 per centum of all remittancespaid out to migrators in the universe originate inthe MENA part, basically the GCC states, and 10 per centum of planetary remittals are standard byresidents of MENA states. ( World Bank, 2008 ) They have besides explained a recent tendency where MENA s portion in remittals has come down significantly since the 1990s, at atime when remittals to India, China, Mexico, andthe Philippines have increased exponentially. Therefore looking closely at these immense labour flows in the past it becomes of import to inquire here if in-migrations are wholly conflict-driven flows. This is non the instance if we look at the chart below where the portion of refugees as a part of Migrants has decreased dramatically. One of the primary factors prefering the addition in in-migration still appears to be demographics. Harmonizing to population projections from the United Nations in context with labour force engagement rates, show that, if there is no migration so the labour force in GCC states will maintain turning at 2.2 per centum per yearbetween 2005 and 2010, but after 2010, this growing rate will worsen. Thus, without extra migrator workers, two GCC workers would still hold to supportthree inactive individuals over the foreseeable hereafter. This shows that if there are no drastic alterations so underlying demographic factors will go on to prefer more migration. Integration through Capital Flows Two developments frame the context for recenttrends in capital markets in the MENA part: countriessuch as Syria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, and Tunisiahave begun to intensify structural and institutionalreforms, increasing the demand for capital The oil roar has generated monolithic liquidness in theGulf provinces, therefore increasing the supply of capital. Compared with conditions in old oil boomperiods, a higher sum of the excess is now availableto the oil-exporting MENA states and is beingchanneled into project-based investings in the region.GCC states have already allocated over $ 1.3 trillion in substructure and fabrication investmentsover the following 5 old ages harmonizing to the EIU mentality for 2007 ( Economist Intelligence Unit, 2007 ) On the other manus, Project-based investings have late been increasingespecially in Egypt, Lebanon, Syria, andTunisia. These intra-MENA investings are largely basedon telecommunications, substructure, existent estate, touristry, and banking. The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency has list of multibillion-dollar investing undertakings in MENA which is acquiring longer. Harmonizing to them some recent investing undertakings include: A $ 9 billion touristry undertaking by Dubai Holding and Emaar Holding in Morocco, Kuwait s Telecom Group ( Wataniya ) spread outing into Tunisia, DubaiHolding geting 33.5 per centum of Tunis Telecom ( $ 2.25 billion ) , and the Bukhater Group s $ 5 billion City Complex undertaking in Tunisia. To day of the month, there are 15MENA national investing publicity bureaus, most of which were established in the past decade.New investings are facilitated by private groupsand finance houses, and authoritiess are closelymonitoring reform indexes published by i nternationalagencies to analyse the effects of greater investings intra-region. ( Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency, 2011 ) Integration through Infrastructure Investments In footings of Infrastructure investing late, there have been cross-border substructure undertakings that are going more outstanding in the part. Some of the examplesinclude cross-border electricity grids, gas grapevines, conveyance links, and telecommunication webs. However, there are still many regulative and fiscal challenges.In the yesteryear, interconnectedness of power grids in theMENA part was chiefly driven by governmentsconcerns about continuing power supply securityin their several markets. On the other handother benefits, such as capital investings salvaging, are besides considered, though these are non yet the chief drivers fornetwork interconnectedness. The sum of exported and imported power still remains low in many instances. For case studies from the World Bank show that merely 12 per centum of entire capacity of theAlgeria-Morocco links is used, 17 per centum in the instance of the Algeria-Tunisia interconnectedness. ( World Bank, 2011 ) With the exclusion of Yemen and Djibouti, transportsystems are good developed in MENA states. Most states have been able to develop extensiveroad webs, with high capacity in some countries, and modern installations for air, sea, and railtransport. The cardinal issue in the part is the quality of the conveyance assets as a consequence of the deficiency of appropriatemaintenance or of hapless service operations due to institutional lacks. Cost-effectivetransport services, efficient facilitation, and transport substructure supplemented with good intermodalconnectivity are required to suit the growing in planetary and intraregional trade. However, regional integrating enterprises still remain at an early phase of development in the conveyance sector.As a consequence of the closing of several boundary lines in the part, land-based conveyance plays a minor function inintraregional trade in MENA. Decision In visible radiation of the recent developments and the challenges faced by the MENA part we can accurately see that there is still room for more significant development in the part as a consequence of greater intra-regional economic part. Looking at consequences from the development of intra-regional trade and services we can see that the benefits outweigh the costs and it is of import the reforms are taken at a governmental degree to let for greater de-regulation of markets and policies set uping trade flows between states. However, the recent oil roar and planetary trade good roar does leave enormous room for development and growing in the part.

Political Ideology and Voting Behavior in the Age of Jackson Essay

Political Ideology and Voting Behavior in the Age of Jackson - Essay Example The majority of all historical accounts depict President Jackson as a strong and aggressive individual who frequently resorted to bullying as a means of championing the causes of the common man. He has been reputed to have bullied the Indians, the national bank, and the states. Despite his strategic and methodic bullying of others, he is remembered as being responsible for bringing democracy to the â€Å"common† white man and championing one of the most poignant and vigilant suffrage movements of all times. His great favor for the common white man can be directly attributed to his humble beginnings. He was a fairly uneducated individual who received formal education sporadically throughout his formative years but was successful in applying himself to the study of law for a period of two years. As a direct result of this, he became an excellent lawyer and gained acclaim. His fame and fortune were a strong testament to the notion that with hard work and perseverance a common man can achieve success irrespective of his beginnings. This fame and fortune, however, was very costly in that President Jackson were greeted with great hostility by individuals fueled by jealousy. This jealousy resulted in the death of a man at the hands of President Jackson when he attempted to defend the honor of his wife, Rachel. President Jackson went on to become a national war hero when he led a brigade which was responsible for defeating the British at New Orleans during the war of 1812. Despite the fact that he did not win his first bid for presidency in 1824, his candidacy was historical in that he was the first individual to lose an election despite the fact that he amassed the most popular vote.3 He went on to become the seventh president of the United States. Since his election in 1828, he has been depicted as a democrat who has gone above and beyond to represent the common, working people with what became known as Jacksonian democracy. At the heart of Jacksonian democracy is the notion that the lion's share of the power to elect the leaders of the United States should reside with the people and not with the Electoral College or the House of Representatives. This notion was made salient by the 1824 loss he suffered when he won the popular vote and lost the election as a direct result of what he considered to be "corrupt bargain".4

Critique of an article in Educational Leadership - Future High Essay

Critique of an article in Educational Leadership - Future High Education Leaders Critique - Essay Example The solution to this recruitment crisis as suggested by the National College for School Leadership (NCSL) is to identify people with leadership talents so that they could be trained early in the fields of leadership and provide them with a greater number of role models. Hence, Future Leaders leadership is a development programme that works to mitigate such crisis through the process of making high-skilled individuals suitable for headship. Given this background, this article evaluates the Future Leaders leadership development programme through the assessment of case studies and interviews of the participants in the programme. Further the future of the headship and the Future Leaders programme is analyzed with respect to the matters of sustainability, enrollment and retention. The Futures Leaders leadership development programme was introduced to fill in the dearth of school teachers in leading roles especially in the schools located in the urban areas. The objective was to form a genre of leaders who are willing to commit their future professions in the field of leadership in urban schools. The goal was to increase the band containing head teachers so that they can be recruited as and when required in urban complex schools. The programme has been built up in the lines of NLNS (New Leaders for New Schools) programme in New York. The members of the NCSL, ARK (Absolute Return for Kids) and SSAT (Specialist Schools and Academies Trust) developed the Future Leaders vocational programme in 2006. Along with the above mentioned objectives, the Future Leaders programme also aims to recruit individuals from non-traditional fields offer a new mode of recruiting senior staffs in urban schools along with a pioneering approach that would manage risk. It gives the teachers and individuals not attached with schools an alternative approach that would help them attain a fast track